In Indonesia, Islamic hardliners leave Christians and Muslims in the cold

Jatimulya, Indonesia - In a cramped, humid loungeroom on Jakarta's fringes, Christians congregate despite fears of being tracked down by white-robed Muslim hardliners who are outraged by their worshipping.

"All the time we have to move. Please help us, Allelujah! How long do we have to keep moving?" asks Reverend Siefrid Liando, struggling to be heard above the neighbours' ghetto blasters.

At the Indonesian Fellowship Church on this particular Sunday, mothers nurse babies as they squat on fading woven mats along with teenagers and children, listening intently to Liando's sermon in the intensifying tropical heat.

The protestant church is among at least 30 Christian groups in Indonesia, the world's most populous Muslim nation, who have complained of eviction from their houses of worship, according to the Indonesian Communion of Churches.

Those responsible claim the churches are operating illegally, citing a 1969 regulation requiring the formal approval of a community before a house of worship is built in their neighbourhood.

The Fellowship Church first encountered the work of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) -- well known for their violent anti-vice campaigns to shut down down bars and entertainment venues in the capital -- when they found the laneway leading to their church boarded up last September.

A notice told them that their church, two adjacent homes converted into a communal space, had been shuttered due to complaints from nearby residents.

Six weeks later in a dramatic move, some 200 FPI members swooped on the Fellowship's street church, grabbing another reverend, Anna Nenoharan, and holding a traditional scythe known as a parang to her ribs.

They forced her into a car and took her to a nearby Muslim boarding school where they held her for an hour.

"They held the parang to my neck -- here, at the back -- and said: 'If you hold any more services, we will cut off your head!' " Nenoharan tells AFP.

"They called me a dog and a pig," she says, referring to two offensive insults for Muslims. Later, when she lodged a complaint to police they told her they could do nothing if she was uninjured.

The FPI, along with a similarly extreme group known as the Anti-Apostasy Alliance (AGAP), who claim to have closed more than 100 churches across the archipelago nation, argue they are just upholding the law.

Nenoharan's riposte is that it's a tough law to follow: seven Christian groups she is aware of have been waiting more than a decade for approval to build a multi-denominational church or several smaller churches in Jatimulya, a suburb on the outskirts of Jakarta.

"We have 3,000 Christians in Jatimulya, but the government won't let us build a single church," she complains. "Yet Muslim groups can use government buildings as mosques and boarding schools whenever they want."

The evictions are a sign not just of increasing tensions between hardliners and Christians, but between radicals and other Islamic groups in Indonesia, where the vast majority of people practise a tolerant form of Islam.

Ahmadiyah, an Islamic sect which believes that Mohammed was not the final prophet as do mainstream Muslims, has suffered attacks on its members' homes and mosques.

Last month radical Islamists on Lombok island in eastern Indonesia attacked an Ahmadiyah community and destroyed 23 houses.

It was the fourth time they were targeted and the more than 1,000 residents are still camped out in government offices, too afraid to go home, sect spokesman Abdullah Basyith tells AFP.

"Our concern is that if the government doesn't carry out its duty and deal with the perpetrators, then they'll keep using violence," he says.

Radical Muslim groups in Indonesia have become increasingly militant since the 1998 downfall of autocratic former president Suharto, who ruled for more than three decades with an iron fist.

"Some officials are reluctant (to act) because it might create political disadvantage," says Jamhari Makruf, a political analyst from Syarif Hidayatullah University.

"It's time to review the whole relationship between state and religion again," he adds.

Indonesia is a multi-religious state, with five religions officially recognised: Islam, Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism and Hinduism. The constitution guarantees their followers religious freedoms.

Of Indonesia's 220 million people, approximately 85 percent are Muslim, 10 percent Christian, two percent Hindu and one percent Buddhist. The remainder other religions, such as animism.

Jakarta has tried to defuse tensions by proposing a revision to the 1969 law, which would see a house of worship need approval from just 70 residents to operate, says Abdul Fatah from the religious affairs ministry.

But Christian leaders argue the proposed regulations are still biased.

"Does the constitution say we have to get approval from residents?" asks Benny Susetyo, from the Indonesian Bishops' Council.

And the proposed law is unlikely to appease the militants, either.

"If it's true, it will destroy Islam because that means only five families could approve" a church's construction, says Muhammad Mu'min, coordinator of the hardline AGAP.

"They use the churches to do missionary work. We know they always do it, from the data ... We have a right to protect Islam from other religions."

Back at the Indonesian Fellowship Church, the tension shows no sign of ending.

"We always feel under threat," says the Fellowship Church's Liando. "We never know when they will arrive."